Government Spending on Military vs Education

Government Spending on Military vs Education Evaluate the idea the government should spend less money on war and their military and other areas such as health and education. In every country, usually government takes very important decisions, sometimes which are very useful for the country to improve or increase their business and some of them, decisions create some serious problems, which have very bad impact on country development. The overall development of a country depends on ample of factors like, the country should be self sufficient in various factors like health care of people, education, safety and security of people. So somewhere government spends more money on education health system programs as they reckon and some other seem that it is better to spend money on their military and defence system rather than the education and health system, because they seem if government have strong defence military then they do not have any war problem and any other serious problems. Firstly, education plays a very vital role in the development of any country ,  which tells the right or wrong decision in our daily lives. Education also  requires equal attention because the present era is the era of technology from  the birth of a baby to cremation, there is technology. the proper use of  technological equipments and appliances require knowledge which can be  gained by educational ways. With the help of education, people go much better prepared to prevent disease and to use new health and safety services effectively. For instance, young people who have done or completed primary education are less than half as likely to contract HIV as those with little or no schooling. If mothers are educated then their children have more healthier children. So education is essential for overall development of  personality of a person and it is pivotal for inculcating good moral and  ethical values in the individuals so that people and their respective country can  flourish and climb up the ladder of success. Besides this, education helps in  sharpening the faculties(physical and mental) of and individual. Education is the  third eye of an individual because it acts as a beacon of light to enlighten the  path of individuals life. Moreover life without education is just like a ship  without sailor. Educated people can mould the countrys future because it  teaches the basic principles of living in the society. Education always brings  more opportunities for a youngsters and everyone learn lot of new skills  through education, so education makes a difference in life. But it does not  mean that only education is the most important part for a country and  government spend more money on it, also it means government also take care  about the education, because it is the part of our daily lives. Gignoux A (2002)  Secondly, also the proper maintenance of health of people should be given  paramount importance as an adage goes, h ealth is wealth. If citizens of a  country are healthy, then the country automatically advances on the road of  success because of increased productivity of citizens. Better health is central  to human happiness and well-being. It also makes an important contribution  to economic progress, usually healthy populations live longer than others, are more productive, and save more. For example, investments in roads can improveaccess to health services, inflation targets can constrain health spending and civil service reform can create more opportunities or limits to hiring more health workers. Health is the physical, psychological, intellectual and spiritual well being of a person and not merely the absence of disease. Every country nowadays aims to provide best medical services to the people as technology has given birth to many diagnostic as well as treatment alternatives. As prevention is better than cure so a government should give priority to primary prevention than secondar y prevention because according to World Health Organization a medicine can not cure one problem rather creating more problems . Government should spend a more from of its budget on maintaining health of people. If people are healthy, then economy of country will increase drastically. Health can be flourished by proper sanitation amenities, clean drinking water, closed sewerage system and so on. Apart from it, health  check up should be conducted in schools. Moreover nutritional programs like mid day meal programs should be implemented properly. Several surveys related to health should be conducted. So health education camps should be organised by government, so that people can acquire knowledge about various diseases and how to prevent such disorders. For instance, healthy students can take more advantages in the class, because they learn very quickly and always remain active in the class, but on the flip side, unhealthy students can not afford so much information and get new ski lls and similarly, companies or industries usually invest more in the market, if they have strong, healthier and educated workforces. So it means, if have a improved disease environment, it also support the development in almost every sector. So government also spend more money on health and physical fitness of people, because health is the prominent issue in the progress of developing countries. On the flip side, military, paramilitary and police play pivotal role in maintaining law and order in the society as well as for establishing peace. The government of a country spend huge sum of money for the advancement of this sector. Preparing the military for security of people is imperative but to use that military forces for attacking other countries is totally devastating. Whenever a  country attacks other country, then the military force of that should be strong enough to oppose the attacking military forces. In the present scenario, the adage tooth for tooth and nail for nail prevails. So every country usually spend huge amount of money on strengthening its military so that the opponents malicious actions can be deterred. Recently in Iraq the ISIS (Islamic State in Iraq) militant group spread violence and killed many innocent people because this group wants to make Iraq a Muslim country. So in order to crash the malicious connotations of such groups, the military force of a country should be powerful. In order to grab such violence the govt. of every country tries to strengthen the military forces. Moreover the military helps the citizens in case of natural disasters like flood, tsunami. But according to Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, the World military expenditure in 2012 is estimated to have reached $1.756 trillion. This is a 0.4 per cent decline in real terms than in 2011 — the first fall since 1998. The total is still higher than in any year between the end of World War II and 2010. This corresponds to 2.5 per cent of world gross domestic product (GDP), or approximately $249 for each person in the world. Now a days, almost every country have a nuclear bomb, so if any country do not have a anti-nuclear defence mechanism, then it would be repeat, which was happened in Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan. That is why most of the countries spend lot of money on their military and some on new technology, because by using new tech nology, they seem that they can face any war of any country. So some countries still have so much expenditure  on their military services and on their new weapons to protect the country people rather than the other areas like health and education. In conclusion, it can be seen that Education enlightens each and every sphere of life, so government should provide free of cost education at least up to primary level. Apart from it, scholarships should be given to students to promote the  interest towards studies. Developed countries should give fee concession to the students. Also government should give proper attention towards military. Although there are many organizations like W.H.O, UNICEF, which work for maintaining universal brotherhood and peace, still the fear of attack by other countries prevail, due to which the government gives attention towards military development and to equip it with modern techniques like novel equipments, vehicles weapons and so on. So health, education and military or new technology are the main part of any country, so every country government should firstly see their weakness and spend more money on it. . [1] [1] Gignoux A (2002), Center For Global Development, retrieved on March 2002 from http://www.cgdev.org/files/2844_file_EDUCATON1.pdf Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (2013), Military Expenditure, retrieved on 22 February, 2009 from http://www.globalissues.org/article/75/world-military-spending World Health Organization ( 2008 ), Health and Development, retrieved on 2-4 September from http://www.who.int/hdp/en/

Future of Our Education

Future of Our Education An average tablet filled with thousands of e-books weighs a billionth of a billionth of a gram more than if it were empty of data, rather than a single book that's manually read, cannot be updated, and contains only a specific published topic. Manufacturing a single tablet requires extraction of 33 pounds of mineral, 79 gallons of water, and 100 kilowatt hours of fossil fuels resulting in 66 pounds of carbon dioxide while a single tree cut only produces an average of 17 books.Proponents of tablets say that these are supported by teachers and students alike, because they re lighter and convenient to use than print textbooks. It can hold as many books as the owner wishes to have, plus homework, quizzes and other files, and actually improve one's ability to understand and learn. They say that tablets can save the environment by lowering the amount of printing and increase not only students' learning abilities but also their creativity. If there are Pros to tablet s, there are also Cons.Opponents say that these advanced technological necessities are far too expensive and can be a distraction for students. It can easily break and is time, energy and money consuming to fix. They say that these cause various health problems and other things that increase students' excuses for not doing their homework. Above all, it requires mostly of Wi-Fi connection to be able to update its data, since it becomes quickly outdated as new kinds of technology are released in the market.Some opponents of tablet may even use their practicality to counter the rapid escalation of the technologys popularity. But let's face it: who wouldn't want to use one? Generally speaking, it is obvious that there a lots of things a tablet has to offer than a plain old textbook. Using it is so intuitive that it makes learning more fun and easy. At the same time, it enables students to cut on corners instead of patiently browsing a textbook for meanings. Just one click and Voila!Ther e's your homework, your project, etc. Using a tablet has advantages and disadvantages. For an instance, it is slowly wiping out the textbooks existence since the world is on its way down the lane of modernization. But do we really need to have one in order to study? Replacing the use of textbooks in order to improve the quality of learning is a dire need but let's not forget what we did in the past and where we came from, for it is where we will predict the future of our education. By mynameismacey

Business and Economics (Matewan)

Matewan is a story which focuses around the violent labor disputes which occurred in the West Virginia coal fields in 1920. During these days, there was no benefits and job security for workers as the Stone Mountain Coal Company displays. Due to the efforts by the workers of the coal fields to form a union, the Stone Mountain Coal Company publicized to their workers that those who were in unions were to be replaced and pay cuts would be rationed out. Outrage ensued between the workers and the new African American workers that were being brought in.However, Joe Kenehan, who worked for the United Mine Workers, decided that if the replacement workers joined the union, the company had to accept it as they wouldn’t have workers. In order to stop the idea of a labor union, the coal company sent C. E. Lively to investigate the workers undercover. Lively then brings in two armed agents from the Baldwin-Felt Detective Agency handle the work he cannot as he is undercover. This entire si tuation escalates into a violent shootout and reinforcement agents from Baldwin-Felts came to evict workers who were part of a labor union.A total of nine people were killed during the shootout where workers just wanted to have basic rights. Apparent ethical issues are portrayed throughout the movie. In today’s society, labor unions are prominent and respected. Undercover agents are not being sent in order to destroy the unions which are protecting rights of workers. Corporations back in 1920 did not want to deal with the cost of fair pay and protecting their workers. Until OSHA was enacted, most companies sought to find the cheapest form of labor.Also, the event of a shootout due to workers wanting their jobs to be secure is unexplainable. Money and power corrupts the minds of humans and fallouts such as the one which occurred in West Virginia between coal field workers and the Stone Mountain Coal Company. As stated in lecture nine, America is a materialistic country. Most o f the citizens overlook the value in everyday things others may long for their entire lives but attain it. The advancement of technology, and the accessibility of nearly any luxuries, has caused degeneration in the virtues of American’s minds.Overlooking the necessities to sustain a basic life, the people of the nation look towards the excess. One can easily live without the newest tablet device, yet they shall still buy it. The worst part of that is how that same person with the tablet may also be getting their ends meet by using food stamps. Americans have embedded their mindsets in the goal of obtaining materialistic items to keep themselves content, all the while forgetting the values humans have been contempt with for centuries.

Ray Bradbury s Fahrenheit 451 - 1592 Words

Someone famous once stated, â€Å"The eyes are useless when the mind is blind†. In our present society, to find a place in which our minds are not being constantly suffocated with what the world wants us to perceive is becoming a strenuous task. From the grocery store to the rooms of our very own homes nothing seems to be of our own conscience anymore. Yet we are able to turn a blind eye to this fact. Why’s that? Just take a few seconds to think to yourself, â€Å" How long [has] it [been]since you were really bothered? [Bothered ]about something important, about something real?†(pg) Ray Bradbury s book Fahrenheit 451 although written in 1953, was ahead of its time predicting technological marvels and our potential to indulge and be addicted to electronic media. The novel presents a twilight zone of what society could be like if books and the written word were no longer desired and the main purpose of life becomes the hunt for personal happiness. So, has our society already evolved into these habits? I cannot help but say Bradbury s description is comparable to the world we live now. It is easily said that to an extent, our world is being encased by the controlling hand of the government and swallowed into the reality unveiled to us by entertainment . The world is drawing closer to a society of anti intellectual, ignorant humans. A society in which opinions and the thought to question cease to exist. It is important to adhere to the warning presented to us through theShow MoreRelatedRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 4511721 Words   |  7 Pagesliterature slowly d isappear from the minds of the population? This is the question that Ray Bradbury’s novel, Fahrenheit 451, attempts to answer. In this book, he describes a hypothetical world in which the population not only avoids reading, but has made owning books an unthinkable crime, with all books discovered burned, along with the houses of those who hoarded them. In this dystopian future created by Bradbury, the beauty that is literature has been replaced in society by television programs andRead MoreRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 4511358 Words   |  6 Pagesnotice them, books were outlawed, knowledge was forbidden, and memories were hard to come by? In the 1950 novel Fahrenheit 451, author Ray Bradbury presents a society which invokes much thought about the way we live in society today. It’s a story about a lifestyle in the future that has evolved from our present, but in seemingly different worlds. Through the protagonist, Guy Montag, Bradbury makes a wider point about the dang ers that a society can present. The government of this future forbids itsRead MoreRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 4511360 Words   |  6 Pages Ray Bradbury and his Fahrenheit 451 Future Technology has had many great contributions, but is it destroying America as author Ray Bradbury foreseen back in the 1950’s. The intent of this paper is to explain how Fahrenheit 451, which was written over 65 years ago, has begun to come true in some aspects of American society today. The intended audience for this paper is fellow students who have not read this novel, and the professor. Ray Bradbury’s role in Fahrenheit 451 is to help readers understandRead MoreRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 4511120 Words   |  5 Pagesindividuality suppression, and the ever-growing gap between upper and lower class. The United States is heading down the path of becoming a dystopian society. Citizens in the United States have the same general behavior as those in Ray Bradbury’s novel, Fahrenheit 451. This novel features a world where cars are fast, music is loud, and watching television is the main way to spend free time. People rarely make time for each other, rarely imagine and form their own opinions, and rarely take the timeRead MoreRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 4512532 Words   |  11 PagesRay Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451 is a magnificent masterpiece written to aid in visualizing what a distant future dystopian society would look like; one in which everyone lives in the fast lane, technology is at its crowning, void of human relations and instant satisfactions, as well as gratifications, are constantly being pursued. The novel was written during the era where communism and the holocaust began to sprout. Mr. Bradbury, being a patriot of his country, feared that society was leaning towardRead MoreRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 451976 Words   |  4 PagesGuy Mont age from Ray Bradbury’s novel Fahrenheit 451 would be similar to life without a choice. Bradbury’s novel Fahrenheit 451 demonstrates how excessive use of technology affects a person’s relationship. Montage is the protagonist of the novel who is a fireman. Montage lives in a world where his job is to burn books, and initiate a fire. The government is trying to outlaw the use of books in the city. Bradbury portrays this new world through the character of Montage. Bradbury describes Montage’sRead MoreRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 4512451 Words   |  10 PagesRay Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451, is a prime example of social criticism. The story sets in the 24th century where people race jet cars; the author’s idea of the future. It shows a flawed social structure, controlled by the media and government with banning and burning of books, and suppressing society’s minds from history. Their logical thought was that it would keep society from thinki ng too much, which in turn would prevent bad thoughts, and to keep them â€Å"happy all the time†. The book tells a storyRead MoreRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 4511410 Words   |  6 PagesRay Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451, published in 1953 by Ballantine Books, rose to fame quickly and surely as a grandfather of the dystopian genre. A year after its release, Greg Conklin of Galaxy Science Fiction named the novel, â€Å"among the great works of the imagination written in English in the last decade or more† (Conklin). The Chicago Sunday Tribune s August Derleth called it a shockingly savage prophetic view of one possible future way of life, while honoring Bradbury in sight of his brilliantRead MoreRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 4512323 Words   |  10 Pagesnot accepted, or even worse, a detached society where emotions no longer exist. By reading the first few pages of Fahrenheit 451, readers immediately get the feeling of a dystopian society. Firemen creating fires, instea d of extinguishing them, and technology that has taken their society to a whole new level of entertainment. These are exaggerated ideas right off the bat, yet Ray Bradbury carries the readers through the story in order to show them his own outlook on the future- in fact, all dystopianRead MoreRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 4512071 Words   |  9 Pageslives? In the book Fahrenheit 451, Ray Bradbury depicts a society that is immersed in technology, which becomes an obsession for most of its people. Bradbury also describes the negative effects that come with this technology, especially losing essential human traits like communication and common sense. Finally, Bradbury sends the message that technology is so powerful that it not only controls certain people, but an entire society as well. In the book Fahrenheit 451, Ray Bradbury describes the dangers

Vital Pieces of Controversial Topics Essay

Vital Pieces of Controversial Topics Essay Just continue your introduction short and easy. The option of compare and contrast essay topics isn't a simple task because you must demonstrate your analytical skills. Carry on reading to learn numerous topics that you're able to consider. Learn which of the topics, you currently have a fairly good background on which will make it possible for you to have a relative edge. However hard mba case study analysis has to be well written so as to determine what is the solution and what's the issue. Our qualified academic experts will assist you in finding a great persuasive essay topic according to all of your requirements and compose a custom-tailored model answer. There are many sorts of case study topics which can be chosen by anybody. If you are in need of an excellent case study topics in computer science, don't hesitate to get in touch with our team! Together with an attention grabbing title or header, if you prefer to receive your articles read, you want to KEEP the interest of the reader. The second sort is the prototypical kind of case study, which centers on topics that aren't representative right now, but which are anticipated to be so later on. Undoubtedly, it would be easier that you learn more about the topic that's connected to the area of your interest. You should know about them in order to know the particular kind of topic you're given and the best method to go about the writing. If you wish to compose a post but there's too much detail to the topic to truly offer you much assistance then just narrow the subject down to a single step in the procedure. On the flip side, if it's about leadership case studies you're able to choose the illustration of any leader to analyze the circumstance. At the exact same time, detecting cause and effect relationships isn't that easy in regards to the selection of a very good cause and effect essay topic. There's an ethical dilemma of competence. The Lost Secret of Controversial Topics Essay Understanding how to compose a strong argumentative paper can help you advance your very own argumentative thinking. Moral argumentative essay topics are a few of the simplest to get carried away with. An argumentative essay is a certain sort of academic writing. Always remember an ideal persuasive essay needs to be persuasive. Before beginning, learn more about the way to perform a psychology experiment. College application essay topics are an essential portion of an entertaining and compelling bit of writing. Most students have a tendency to decide on easy essay topics by talking about themselves, doing their very best to express their special qualities and trying to stick out from the remainder of the pack. If you're a student of psychology, you'd be asked to choose a specific topic for the last research paper. So without further ado, here are a few effective writing tips to create your common app essay stick out! How people will act if there will not be any rules whatsoever. Contribute your thoughts and people are certain to read! When you're writing articles for internet advertising purposes, there are a number of guidelines to follow that will make sure that your articles are read. The Hidden Gem of Controversial Topics Essay Attempt to recheck all of the info you've got in many sources. Other experts analysed Kirsch's dataset utilizing different strategies and came to various conclusions. Don't neglect to inspect the access to resources the topics that you consider. Take notes concerning all possible topics it is possible to consider.

Project Management Quiz - 1439 Words

1) Which of the following statement is true a) Project management is becoming a slandered way of doing business b) Project management is increasingly contributing to achieving organisational strategies c) Project management is being used at a consistent percentage of a firms efforts d) Both a and b are true e) A, b and c are all true 2) Which of the following financial models are typically included in a project a) Payback b) Npv c) Internal rate of return d) Both a and b are correct e) A, b and c are all correct 3) which of the following financial models are typically included in project selection a) payback b) NPV c) Internal rate of return d) Both a and b e) A,†¦show more content†¦ranking official is advocating f) sacred cow g) pet project h) political neccesaties i) special undertaking j) strategic ploy 19) the advert of project management has been most profound k) automobile manufacturing l) contruction m) information technology n) us department of defence o) film making 20) organizations have difficulties in creating a system from managing projects because p) contrary to typical operations projects are one time efforts q) projects are multi disciplinary by organizations are usually departmentalized by disccipline r) projects are not focused on profits s) both a b t) a b c 21) the project manager has the responsibility to answer which of the following questions u) what tasks has to b done v) hu will do d task w) how will da task b done x) how well has the functional input be en integrated y) why will the tasks be done 22) which of these is not part of the technical dimensions of project management z)Show MoreRelatedSoftware Project Management Quiz Questions1182 Words   |  5 PagesIT 2123 - Pre-Quiz Chapters 3 4 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. JWD Consulting’s core business goal is first presented in the ____ section of the business case. |a. |Critical Assumption and Constraints | |b. |Current Situation and Problem/Opportunity Statement | |cRead MoreProject Management Quiz: Electronic Device Project823 Words   |  3 PagesProblem 1: Electronic Device Project a) What is the Scheduled Completion of the Project? (5 points) Scheduled start date of: 8/9/2012. Scheduled date of completion: 9/21/2012. Total estimated working days to completion: 32 (excluding Saturday and Sundays). b) What is the Critical Path of the Project? (5 points) Activity path B, D, F, G, I. c) What is the ES for Activity D? (1 points) Activity D lies on the critical path, therefore the early start date is 8/17/2012. 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The consulting company doing the workRead MoreProj 420 Coursework Guide Week 1 - 7696 Words   |  3 PagesDescription (PROJ 420 Project Risk Management) PROJ 420 Week 1 Course Project Assignment; Project Topic Proposal and Outline PROJ 420 Week 1 Discussion 1 Why Should We Practice Risk Management PROJ 420 Week 1 Discussion 2 The ATOM Risk Management Process PROJ 420 Week 2 Course Project Assignment; Project Sizing and Stakeholder Analysis PROJ 420 Week 2 Discussion 1 The Initiation Step PROJ 420 Week 2 Discussion 2 Risk Identification PROJ 420 Week 3 Course Project Assignment; Project Risk BreakdownRead MoreProj 420 Entire Course Project Risk Management Essay631 Words   |  3 Pageshomeworkproviders.com/shop/proj-420-entire-course/ PROJ 420 ENTIRE COURSE PROJECT RISK MANAGEMENT PROJ 420 (PROJECT RISK MANAGEMENT) COMPLETE WORK – DEVRY PROJ 420 Week 1 Course Project Assignment Project Topic Proposal and Outline PROJ 420 Week 1 Discussion 1 Why Should We Practice Risk Management PROJ 420 Week 1 Discussion 2 The ATOM Risk Management Process PROJ 420 Week 2 Course Project Assignment; Project Sizing and Stakeholder Analysis PROJ 420 Week 2 Discussion 1 The InitiationRead MoreEssay on proj 598 quizz806 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Proj 598 Quiz Mohammad Week3 Week 3 : Types of Contracts - Quiz Top of Form Time Remaining:   Ã‚   Question 1. 1. (TCO B) All of the below would be considered good selection criteria for a buyer to use to select a seller, except (Points : 10)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   managerial approach of seller, capacity of seller to do the work, and buyer’s ability to create a WBS.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   proprietary rights of buyer, life cycle cost of product, and warrantee offered by seller.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   past work done by sellerRead MoreProj 587 Week 3 Quiz Set2480 Words   |  10 PagesPROJ 587 WEEK 3 QUIZ SET Purchase here http://devrycourse.com/proj-587-week-3-quiz Product Description Version 1 1. Question: (TCO A) You are the CEO for Skipper Products. The business has had a great year and you see that a PPM is needed to manage all the projects that are currently in progress, along with future projects. You must convince the board of directors to accept this change in order to implement it. 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Managing of Hospitality Assets Royal Pine Resort

Question: Analysis of the major renovation in maintainance of the hotel assets of Royal Pine Resort? Answer: Executive summary This report deals with the analysis of the major renovation in maintainance of the hotel assets. For the purpose of analysis the renovation project of hotel room of Royal Pine Resort is selected. This resort is situated on the Gold Coast which is considered to be a tourism hotspot of Australia. The report forecasts the need for renovation within the 1 guest room accommodation of the hotel. The financial viability as well as the economic and environmental viability of the project is judged in order to judge the success rate of the renovation project. From the report it has been clear that renovation is an essential part of asset management because frequent asset modification developes the value and quality of the asset and also adds more life to the asset. The report also focuses on effects of renovation on the stakeholders like the owners, the customers and the employees of the resort in accordance to the renovation. Apart from this the report also covers the technologies used for th e site selection, the feasibility of the renovation project based on the financial analysis and the role of the different management executives within the resort. 1. Introduction Renovations of the hotel assets and spaces are an integral part of the hospitality asset management and maintenance (Kang, K. H., Lee, S., and Huh, C. 2010). This report focuses on the refurbishment plan that is to be undertaken by the Royal Pine Resorts in order to increase the life cycle of the hotel assets and in order to meet demands of the upper income level customers. The report focuses on the renovation plan of Royal Pine regarding refurbishment of the one master bedroom beach guest accommodation to transform the same to royal suite. Since the renovation will require entire change of the 100 hotel rooms and will involve renovating the concerned hotel area adding to the new image of the hotel, hence the renovation may be termed as a master renovation for the management of the hotel. 2. Justification of renovation 2.1 Space for renovation On analyzing the changing preferences of the target tourists, management at Royal Pine identified the needs for the renovation project. The beach view master bedroom is the mostly booked room of Royal Pine because of its beach facing loaction. However, the room is small accommodating only two people. Moreover, the hotel provides internet facilities within the reception and the lobby areas and no internet service within the room. The growing demand for the beach view room by the tourist families have encouraged Royal Pine to undertake the process of renovation to increase the room size and facilities in order to accommodate more than two persons comfortably. Apart from the interiors renovation the hotel management also plans to make significant additions of attached lobbie to the room facing the beach to give the room an aesthetic feel as well as mark the rooms as royal suite (Jefferies, 2000). 2.2 Evaluations of Building quality and design needs The beach- view room of Royal Pine offers around 75% occupancy over the year. The renovation plan will firstly focus on the interior designing of the rooms. The interior designing plan includes: Increasing the room size to accommodate four people (2 adults, 2 children) One king size bed along with additional two small couch Designing of the room using of luxury ceramic tiles instead of carpets and wall covers Tufted headboard to be provided with master bed and couch and use of crystal or ocean blue colors for the interior walls and tiles The proposed floor plan is 22.0 * 56.0 (L*W) that is a total of 1232 ft in dimension, 12.0 in height (Kimes, 2011). Addition of wifi facilities within each room Extension of the room for construction of a beach facing lobby 2.3 Feasibility of the design The design plan has been incorporated keeping in mind the feasibility of its success. The change in the interiors is forecasted to be completed within 8 months from the time of commencement. Since the electricity, water facilities and the inbuilt construction is not changed or renovated, hence the interior decoration will take less time if more labor is employed. Furthermore the management of Royal Pine have also made financial forecasting in order to assess the financial viability of the project (Kirk, 2010). 2.4 Economic Evaluations The overall estimated reconstruction cost for one hotel room interior is around $ 25 million as projected by the local contractors taking into consideration the changes to be made in the furniture, fixtures, equipments, extensions. The management of Royal Pines plans to secure financial loans from the commercial banks in order to finance the renovation projects. The banks however in investment within the real construction sectors adopt a conservative approach analysis (Sturman, Corgel and Verma, 2011). The high growth of the tourism sector of Gold Coast producing around $ 4.7 billion per year shows that the economic conditions of the hotels in Gold Coast are favorable for investment. With the loss of revenue from the 1 room that will be renovated, Royal Pines estimates expenses of $ 21 million. Thus based on the following assumptions Royal Pines can apply for a 50% mortgage loans on a monthly payment terms for 15 years for the financial source (Koh, 2008). The management of Royal Pin es has selected the summers as the best time period when the tourists are low in number and the loss will be less for the renovation. 2.5 Comeptior benchmarking Other competing hotels in Gold Coast are Hilton Surfers Paradise Hotel, Crown Plaza and InterContinental resorts. In order to enhance the quality of the room space, Royal Pines needs to set a benchmark while designing the interiors and planning for the renovations compared to the other competing hotels. For instance, InterContinental hotels provide rooms with club water views, attached breakfast gardens. Special king garden accommodated rooms which may attract the interest of the tourists. Keeping the aesthetic and scenic view standards, Royal Pine has planned to add the personalized beach facing lobby and 3D feel to the room structure. Moreover Hilton surfers Paradise is a completely wifi enabled hotel thereby meeting the needs of the overnight visitors (Kang and Cao, 2012). 2.6 Renovation management The renovation project involves addition of extra space to the already existing rooms. Hence, the management of the renovation will rest with the original management team of Royal Pine. However, the company may appoint an expert company like Hotel renovations and maintenance P/L that is an Australian company engaged in practical constructions and interior designing of the hospitality sectors. The company plans to enter into a lump sum contract with the project construction company with view of making payments as per the completion of the renovation as the high qualities and designs set by Royal Pine (Koh, 2008). 2.7 Stakeholder perspective The management at Royal Pine uses the concept of Stakeholder mapping in order to prioritize the stakeholders who will be affected by the renovations process and produce strategies to manage them. The enhancement of the interiors of the room and the additions of the lobby to the roo will develop a memorable accommodation experience for the visitors. Moreover, the renovation and reinvestment in these improvement constructions will increase the asset lif cycle of the hotels spaces and assets and thereby reduce the preventive maintenance cost of the hotels. This will be beneficial for the management since they will be able to attract more footfalls and increase the revenue generation (Lawson, 2012). However, Royal Pine needs to keep the commercial banks and tourism sector satisfied because these concerned parties will grant the legal and the financial permissions. Thus presentation of financial viability of the project and past revenue generation along with future revenue forecast will h elp Royal Pine to manage these stakeholders. 3. Analysis of the renovation project 3.1 Site selection technology The selection of the renovation project within Royal Pine will depend on certain factors. Walker and Walker (2012) commented that based on the data of historical occupancy and average rate data the portion of the hotel which provides considerable amount of revenue should be selected for renovation. The occupancy rate and the average revenue of the hotel room within Royal Pine will be presented and compared for the purpose of selection of the renovation site Further Penner, Adams and Rutes (2013) suggested that Revenue per available room (RevPAR) is also an effective tool for the measurement of the high yielding rooms. Since interior renovations and additions are a part of the capital expenditure of the company, hence the calculation of the return is essential in this regard. The RevPAR, which is calculated by multiplying the average revenue of the hotel with the occupancy rate, shows that the beach- view rooms are the most important contributors of revenue to the hotel. Since these rooms have prime location facilities, hence the demand for these rooms during the peak seasons are high and hence investments in refurbishment of these rooms will enable Royal Pine to increase the charges of the room in order to secure more revenue (Tagliabue, Leonforte and Compostella, 2012). 3.2 Environmental sustainability Renovation will help in improving the environmental sustainability of the hotels. Royal Pine focuses on addition of lobby to the room, which will face the garden of the resort and the beaches of Gold Coast (Deroos, 2010). The use of the open space will help Royal Pine to highlight the environmental sustainability of the renovated project in future and thereby attract further tourists. Moreover, the use of ceramic tiles will ensure maintenance of sustainability within the luxury rooms. The optimal 3D orientation layout of the rooms will also help in providing space for the visitors and the presence of wide windows will ensure sunlight, breeze, and the feel of the Gold Coast beach within the accommodation facility. Moreover, the hotel management will also cover the windows with solar radiation blocking glass doors in order to create soothing climate within the interiors. 3.3 Financial analysis and risks In order to check the financial viability of the renovation project that Royal Pine will undertake, the management of the company conducted an overall financial analysis of the percentage of occupancies that resulted in the renovated hotels compared to the non-renovated hotels (Kirk, 2010). Figure 1: Changes in occupancy penetration rates for renovated and non-renovated hotels ( Source: Zhu, Franko, Pavelchak and DePersis, 2012, pp-170) The above graph shows that the occupancy of the renovated hotels has increased in the recent years compared to the occupancies in the non-renovated hotels. The figure below shows the overall RevPAR penetration rate of the renovated hotels compared to the non-renovated hotels. From the figure below it is clear that in the initial stages the RevPAR increases in case of renovated hotels, however the trend tends to decrease after some time. This indicates that hotel assets renovation needs to be done every 2 years in order to maintain the financial gains. The financial analysis shows that the renovation of the room will be profitable for the management of the Royal Pine. Figure 2: RevPAR penetration for renovated and non-renovated hotels (Source: Zhu et al. 2012, pp-170) Net present value of Renovated hotels (Assumed figures) Year Net income ($) Discounting factor (12 %) Discounted cash flow 2009 20,000,000 0.89286 17857200 2010 14,800,000 0.797 11795600 2011 18000000 0.711 12798000 2012 20409000 0.635 12959715 2013 24200000 0.567 13721400 Estimated value 69131915 Total value 190,000,000 NPV 120,868,085 Table 2: Net present value of the renovated hotels (Source: Deroos, 2010, pp-98) Figure 3: Income projection (Source: Deroos, 2010, pp-18) The income projection is important in this aspect because depending on the projection the management of the hotel has decided to take up the renovation decision. The return on investment is calculated at 12%. Further the life cycle maintenance is also ascertained before taking the decision of engaging into renovation because if the maintenance does not result into increasing of the life cycle of the hotel then the renovation will not be productive. The management of hotel Royal pine has estimated $ 10,000,000 and a payback period of 3 years. The determination of the payback period shows that the hotel is planning to regenerate the amount of investment within 3 years. The renovation maintenance is considered to be a capital expenditure; however it is undertaken by the hotel companies in order to add to the life cycle of the hotel. The management of Royal Pine made a risk analysis o the project confirming that the renovation project that is to be undertaken for a period of 1 year might give rise to the following risks namely Disruptions caused by construction noises Customers hindrances caused due to air pollution, dust pollution, chemical pollution and moisture that arises from the ongoing construction processes Over population within the hotel, lobby due to presence of construction workers damaging the aesthetic presence of the hotel Financial loss from the reduced occupancy level (Denton and White, 2000) Non acceptance of the new renovated interiors by the customers 3.4 Owners perspective The managers are concerned about the profits of that will arise out of the renovation project. The high NPV and the RevPAR penetration strengthens the decision of the managers as to make investments in the renovation project in order to derive the benefits of increased revenue growth and add to the quality image of the hotel. Further the major advantage of the mangers lie in the increase in the life value of the hotel assets, which is possible through renovation process (Walker and Walker, 2012). 4. Conclusion The report focuses on the need for renovation of assets and spaces within hotel industry. It can be seen that the renovation of the beach- view rooms, which are the primary revenue earner of Royal Pine, is essential for making the resort gain competitive advantage over the other resort and hotels offering ample amount of luxury services. The major risk however, the resort will face will be the loss of revenue from 100 rooms for around 1 year until the renovation process is completed. 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